Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on 30 November 1874 at Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England. He was the son of Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill and Jennie Jerome. He married Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill, daughter of Colonel Sir Henry Montague Hozier and Lady Henrietta Blanche Ogilvy, on 12 September 1908. He died on 24 January 1965 at age 90.
Rt. Hon. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was educated at Harrow School, Harrow on the Hill, London, England. He was educated at Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Berkshire, England. He gained the rank of Lieutenant in 1895 in the service of the 4th Hussars. He fought in the campaign in Cuba in 1895. He fought in the North-West Frontier in 1897, in the Malakand Field Force, where he was mentioned in despatches. He fought in the Nile Expedition in 1898. He fought in the Tirah Campaign in 1898. He wrote the book The River War, published 1899. He fought in the Boer War between 1899 and 1900 at South Africa, where he was captured, held as a POW, and then escaped. He wrote the book Savrola, published 1900. He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Conservative) for Oldham between October 1900 and January 1906. He held the office of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Colonial Office between 1905 and 1908. He wrote the book Lord Randolph Churchill, published 1906. He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Liberal) for North-West Manchester between June 1906 and April 1908. He was invested as a Privy Counsellor (P.C.) in 1907. He held the office of President of the Board of Trade between 1908 and 1910. He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Liberal then Coalition Liberal) for Dundee between May 1908 and October 1922. He held the office of Home Secretary between 1910 and 1911. He held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty between 1911 and 1915. He held the office of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between May 1915 and November 1915. He held the office of Minister for Munitions between 1917 and 1919. He held the office of Secretary of State for War and Air between 1919 and 1921. He held the office of President of the Army Council between 1919 and 1921. He held the office of Secretary of State for the Colonies between 1921 and 1922. He was invested as a Companion of Honour (C.H.) in 1922. He wrote the book The World Crisis, published between 1923 and 1929, in four volumes. He held the office of Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1924 and 1929. He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Constitutional, then Conservative) for Epping between October 1924 and June 1945. He wrote the book My Early Life, published 1930. He wrote the book Marlborough, His Life and Times, published between 1933 and 1938, in four volumes. He wrote the book Great Contemporaries, published 1937. He was a member of the War Cabinet between 1939 and 1940. He held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty between September 1939 and May 1940. He held the office of Minister of Defence between 10 May 1940 and 1945. He held the office of Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury between 10 May 1940 and July 1945. He held the office of Leader of the Opposition between 1945 and 1951. He held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Conservative) for Woodford between July 1945 and October 1964. He was decorated with the award of Order of Merit (O.M.) in 1946. He wrote the book The Second World War, published between 1948 and 1954, in six volumes. He held the office of Deputy Lieutenant (D.L.) of Kent in 1949. He held the office of Minister of Defence between October 1951 and January 1952. He held the office of Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury between October 1951 and April 1955. He was invested as a Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in 1953. He was decorated with the award of Nobel Prize (in Literature) in 1953, for his six volume Second World War. He wrote the book History of the English Speaking Peoples, published between 1956 and 1958, in four volumes. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography. |
