| [Index] |
| Joseph ANDREWS (1805 - 1855) |
| Soldier, inn keeper, Father of Gundagai |
| Children | Self + Spouses | Parents | Grandparents | Greatgrandparents |
|
Joseph Henry ANDREWS (1839 - 1921) Louisa Ann ANDREWS (1841 - 1889) Edward Bernard ANDREWS (1844 - 1906) Elizabeth Christina ANDREWS (1846 - 1885) Charlotte Susan ANDREWS (1849 - 1877) Harriet Amelia ANDREWS (1852 - 1859) |
Joseph ANDREWS (1805 - 1855) + Ann SHIPMAN (1812 - 1894) |
James ANDREWS | ||
| b. abt 1805 at Oldham, Lancashire, England |
| m. 01 Mar 1837 Ann SHIPMAN (1812 - 1894) at Windsor, New South Wales, Australia |
| d. 04 Dec 1855 at Tarcutta, New South Wales, Australia aged 50 |
| Parents: |
| James ANDREWS |
| Events in Joseph ANDREWS (1805 - 1855)'s life | |||||
| Date | Age | Event | Place | Notes | Src |
| abt 1805 | Joseph ANDREWS was born | Oldham, Lancashire, England | |||
| 01 Mar 1837 | 32 | Married Ann SHIPMAN (aged 24) | Windsor, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 14 Apr 1839 | 34 | Birth of son Joseph Henry ANDREWS | Gundagai, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 30 Oct 1841 | 36 | Birth of daughter Louisa Ann ANDREWS | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | 2283/1843 V18432283 27A | |
| 1844 | 39 | Birth of son Edward Bernard ANDREWS | Gundagai, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 09 Jul 1846 | 41 | Birth of daughter Elizabeth Christina ANDREWS | Gundagai, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 06 Aug 1849 | 44 | Birth of daughter Charlotte Susan ANDREWS | Gundagai, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 26 Oct 1852 | 47 | Birth of daughter Harriet Amelia ANDREWS | Gundagai, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| 04 Dec 1855 | 50 | Joseph ANDREWS died | Tarcutta, New South Wales, Australia | ||
| Personal Notes: |
|
Joseph Andrews was born about 1805 in Oldham, near Manchester, England. By the middle of the 18th century the woollen trade was well established in Oldham. In the 1790s, mechanized spinning and weaving caused cotton to supplant wool as the main industry. Oldham was a popular place to build cotton mills. Standing on the western slopes of the Pennines, where the damp atmosphere prevented the fibre from drying out and snapping when being spun and woven, six cotton mills had been built in the town by 1778. A branch of the Ashton Canal was completed in 1796 and this helped the local collieries to provide cheap fuel for the steam-powered textile machines.
Joseph was the son of James Andrews. Ann Shipman was born on the 19th of March 1812. She was the daughter of John Shipman and Elizabeth Abbott. Joseph enlisted in the British Army at Chatman Barracks, on the north bank of the Thames, on 19th of July 1820. He was assigned to the 50th Regiment of Foot, then known as the West Kent Regiment. At the time, the regiment was stationed in Jamaica, having been sent there the previous year. Since their arrival, the regiment, men, women and children, had suffered from repeated attacks of yellow fever. Nearly 300 having died in the first 3 months. Joseph and other recent recruits were hastily given some semblance of training and then dispatched as reinforcements, arriving off the capital of Jamaica, Kingston, aboard the Echo on 2nd January 1822. The source of the infection was quite unknown at the time. The Colonel managed to suppress the outbreaks somewhat by moving contingents of his men from place to place. Without knowing that mosquitoes were the carrier of the disease, he managed to effect a degree of control. In 1827, the regiment was relieved in Jamaica and Joseph disembarked at Gosport, Hampshire, England, towards the end of March. Shortly afterwards, he was transferred to Cambridge Barracks at Portsmouth. It is assumed that he was married, for his first child, a daughter, Mary Anne Andrews, was born this year. In August 1827, he was promoted to corporal and by 1828 the Regiment was transferred to postings at Lancashire. In 1830, Joseph was further promoted to the rank of Pay Sergeant. In 1832, Joseph's wife gave birth to a son who they named Robert Andrews. Early in 1833, a directive was issued announcing the Regiment's transfer to the penal colony of NSW. All detachments were to assemble at Chatham. Upon his arrival there, Joseph was appointed Mess Sergeant. Joseph also brought along his two children, Mary Ann and Robert. Ann arrived in Australia in the early 1830s, having been brought from England with her mother and siblings, possibly by the Government, to be reunited with their convict father. On the 14th October 1833, Ann married John Benjamin Asall at St Phillips Church, Sydney. John Asall was an Armoury Sergeant, 1/4th Kings Own Regiment of Foot of the British army stationed at Sydney, and a widower at the time. The King's Own Regiment began arriving in Australia in 1832 and completed their arrival in 1837. John and Ann were married with the consent of Lieut. Col. JK McKenzie, his commanding officer. The marriage was witnessed by Ann's sister, Susannah. Meanwhile, it was mid-1834 before the Colonel of the West Kent Regiment embarked with the main body of troops, arriving in Sydney in November of that year. Joseph was among the last to leave, embarking on the Bengal Merchant on the 16th September and arriving off Port Jackson on the 30th January 1835. When he arrived in Sydney, Joseph brought with him his two children Mary Ann and Robert. Regimental headquarters had been established at Windsor, NSW and it was there that Joseph resumed his duties in the Officers' Mess in the Macquarie Arms or Royal Hotel. Sometime over the next 18 months, he must have met Ann Asall (nee Shipman), wife of Armoury Sergeant John Asall, for John had died on the 28th December 1836 and Joseph married Ann, now a widow, on 1 March 1837 at Windsor. The Regiment transferred to Wynyard Barracks about June 1837, and Joseph was discharged on the 30th November that same year. Joseph and Ann had been inspired by stories of the outstanding grazing land in the far south west, and resolved that they would try their luck at grazing, or else establish a business somewhere on the Murrumbidgee River. However, at this time, Ann was heavily pregnant and they awaited the arrival of the baby before setting out. Joseph junior arrived in a sickly state on the 15th December 1837 at Sydney and died a fortnight later, on the 29th December. Earlier in 1838, the family left Sydney for Stuckey's Ford on the Murrumbidgee. On arrival, it became quite clear that all the riverfront land had been taken up, so Joseph decided upon establishing an inn and store on the north bank. A licence to retail wines, malt and spirituous liquors was granted to Joseph on the 19th June 1838. Towards the end of the year, it was officially announced that the name of the town proposed to be established at Stuckey's Ford was to be Gundagai. Joseph prospered in his business. Stuckey, on the south bank, was unhappy at the damage to his small box-like punt by passing travellers, so happily sold to Joseph. At one pound per trip, that became another source of income - especially when the river was too high to allow the use of the open ford. On the 14th April 1839 at Gundagai, NSW, Joseph and Ann had a second son, who they named Joseph Henry Andrews. In 1839, Brodribb, the run holder on the Gundagai flats, decided to move further south and sold his rights to his run to Joseph for 100 pounds. Joseph was establishing himself as a serious merchant of the area. He expected that wool would become his main source of income. But this was not to be, for German wool was very competitive and prices continued to fall. By early 1841, drought too had taken its toll and settlers no longer had the confidence to invest in more land. The banks panicked and all credit was withdrawn. Property and stock values plummeted. Even large landholders depended upon credit. There were many foreclosures. Joseph's inn business was little affected by these developments. he was in a position to benefit by the purchase of cheap stock from some of his disadvantaged neighbours, so completing the stocking of what he called his Gundagai Run. Meantime, a minor flood had destroyed the punt and Joseph decided against its replacement. The public would have to make do as best they could. By August of the same year, Joseph was in Sydney attending the first Crown auction of lots within the Gundagai township. Some 51 of the 80 blocks on offer were passed in, but of the 29 sold, Joseph bought 9, so becoming the largest landholder in the new town. While in Sydney, Ann gave birth to a daughter who they named Louisa Ann Andrews. On the 1st April 1943, Joseph was appointed Postmaster, although most of the work was undertaken by his daughter Mary. The village started to develop. A second inn was built, then a much larger punt, some 50ft by 10ft. Rural business started to pick up when Henry O'Brian, of Yass, demonstrated that it was possible to boil down sheep and even oxen, to produce tallow. In this way, sheep brought a return of 6 shillings a head in comparison with sixpence on the open market. The grazing industry had turned around. Now it was time to invest in another money-making venture. Joseph subcontracted for the transport of mail from Gundagai to Yass each week. Although he employed a willing young immigrant from Ireland, 19 year old George Gallogly, to do the riding, it suited Joseph to work more closely with horses again, for he was a keen and competitive horse rider. In 1843 Ann gave birth to a daughter who they named Louisa Ann Andrews. It was about 1844 that Ann gave birth to a son who they named Edward Bernard Andrews. In late 1844 and on into 1845, many argued that it was all the Government's fault that the town had been established on a flood-prone flat, and that alternative allotments should be made available to the sufferers, free of charge. But the Governor was adamant that "What man buys, he buys for better or for worse" and refused to change his opinion through the following years. So many continued to live on the flat. George Gallogly married Mary Andrews on the 3rd February 1846, probably in Gundagai. Joseph and Ann gave the couple a wedding gift of the Murrumbidgee Inn. Joseph and Ann were resolved to live on their Kimo Station. On the 9th July 1846, Ann gave birth to a daughter who they named Elizabeth Christina Andrews, at Gundaroo, near Gunning, Yass. In December 1846, Joseph's daughter Mary produced her first child, but George, her husband was suffering from consumption. In mid-1847, the Government announced that one year leases were at least to be replaced by 14 year leases in remote areas like Gundagai. Joseph was successful in his application for both Gundagai and Kimo runs, but as with so many other applications, he had first to await the outcome of a conflicting application by one of his neighbours. Meanwhile, Joseph decided to build a substantial house in town. He could only see profitable times ahead and money would soon be rolling in from the runs. So he decided to apply for a bank loan to finance his dream, an 8-roomed brick house near where Brodribb had established his huts years earlier and adjacent to the Gundagai racecourse. While he was preoccupied with the new construction work, sheep on both of his runs contracted "catarrh" from passing flocks. In spite of constant effort, he was never able to completely rid his flocks of the disease and before long his 10,000 sheep had been reduced to 1100. Now the loan had become a real burden, yet Joseph was inevitably obliged to seek an extension to the period of the loan, explaining to the bank that he would turn to cattle, rather than introduce more sheep to his infected stock. The bank eventually agreed. In January 1848, George Gallogly died, leaving Joseph's daughter Mary pregnant for the second time. Mary was obliged to continue to run the inn in her own name to support her family. Brodribb had established his huts years earlier and adjacent to the Gundagai racecourse. On the ninth day of February 1849, Joseph and Ann entered into a mortgage in the sum of two hundred and fifty pounds at an interest rate of 8 pound per 100 pound. The interest was to be paid twice yearly. Ann was not present to sign the indenture and was interviewed away from the influence of Joseph to ensure that she was not being coerced by Joseph to enter into the agreement. On the 6th of August 1849, Ann gave birth to a daughter who they named Charlotte Susan Andrews, at Gundaroo near Gunning, Yass. Cattle became Joseph's main source of income, but they didn't contribute very much. Over the next two years, drought killed many head, and the family continued to live in penury. By 1850, the bank instructed Joseph to sell his runs to satisfy his indebtedness, and in July, these sales were completed. The bank was repaid and the Andrews had enough money left over to invest in the purchase of more allotments in town, apparently hoping to build houses and earn a rental income. At last the family was free of debt again. About this time, Henry Turnbull arrived in town to stay at the "Murrumbidgee Cottage Inn", as Mary had renamed it. Turnbull was hoping to open a store in the village. Within 12 months, Mary had sold her inn and married Henry and the couple opened their "Victoria Store". The township continued to develop, there being 14 or so auctions of Crown land between 1841 and 1852. By 1852, there were 30 or 40 buildings on the flat, together with many travellers camped on the riverbank. On the 24th June 1852, the river rose at the commencement of by far the biggest flood white man had ever experienced on the Murrumbidgee. Over the next three days, the water level reached 17 feet above the flat, and the whole area was a roaring torrent. Some 85 people were drowned and all but four buildings were completely washed away. Like most others living on the flat, the Andrews and the Turnbulls were isolated between Morley's Creek and the river. Both families succeeded in weathering the deluge, their buildings being two of the four to remain somewhat intact. Housing was not at a premium, most survivors building makeshift camps on higher land. However, the Andrews and the Turnbulls still had a roof to shelter them on the flat and both families continued to live there for a time. Many were saved by local Aborigines, notably Yarri who paddled about throughout the night in his bark canoe saving stranded people. The locals were deeply appreciative and there were numerous contemporary memorials about town in his honour. At the time, Yarri was described in the Sydney Morning Herald as 'belonging to Mr Andrews'. He was buried in the Catholic cemetery at Gundagai in 1880. Near the cemetery gates is his black marble headstone recently erected by the Aboriginal Lands Council. On the 26th October 1852 at Gundagai, Ann gave birth to a daughter who they named Harriet Amelia Andrews. Earlier in 1853, the Turnbulls abandoned the discomfort of their store and rented a house in South Gundagai. The Andrews continued in their battered building until July, when Another flood threatened. This time they evacuated to the hillside early, but the house was unable to withstand the onslaught and was completely demolished. The waters reached 15 inches higher than the previous year and remains the highest ever recorded at Gundagai by white man. The Turnbulls departed in disgust, establishing a business in Launceston, Tasmania for a few years, before moving back to Melbourne. Henry Turnbull died there in 1859, leaving his wife a widow for the second time, at the age of about 32 years and with 6 children to take care for. The Andrews family moved to Umutbee, now Tarcutta, where they opened the Napier Inn. Joseph died there on the 4th December 1855, apparently of pneumonia. Ann and most of her children lived on in the district for some years. |